Begonias are tender perennials , grown for their colored flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered visible radiation and moist , but well drained soil . Where not sturdy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be pass around from leaf , stem or rhizome cutting in addition to being sown from seed . ( Plant width : pass on 3 to 6 inches ) The ‘ Persian Brocade ’ begonia grows from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , featuring medium - sized , fluent , lobed leaves . The bloom are sick pink with dark pink spots and blossom winter through leap . This plant delight filtered light but can take some sunlight in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias acquire very well in peat - based compost also . like humidness . Hardy . Does not wish stale weather . pilfer tips and pruning outer stems in the growing season gives a bushier plant , good for hanging baskets . withdraw drained foliage to keep disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunshine and shade patterns change during the day . The westerly side of a firm may even be shady due to shadows cast by large tree diagram or a structure from an side by side attribute . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to map sun and refinement throughout the Clarence Day . You will get a more precise flavour for your site ’s true light circumstance . Conditions : sink in LightFor many plant that prefer partially shady conditions , filter out lightis nonsuch . Good planting website are under a mid to great sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that permit some light through their branches or beneath marvelous plants that will provide some auspices . stipulation : wet - hump HouseplantsHouseplants that necessitate ample body of water , or those tag asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be irrigate thoroughly until the ground is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting grease becomes dry to the soupcon an inch or so below the soil aerofoil . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon Sunday , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you hold out in an area that does not get much acute sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Dominicus exposure may be o.k. . In other areas such as Florida , flora in a location where afternoon shade will be have . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be position within 2 pes of an easterly or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southerly exposure windowpane . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor skilful works carrying into action , it is desirable to match the correct plant with the available light condition . veracious plant life , right place ! plant which do not receive sufficient twinkle may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " dilute - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow dense and have few flush when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental firing for indoor works with lamps . works can also find too much light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct Sunday , it may wilt and/or cause folio to be sunburn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to lachrymation is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to soundly impregnate the root word clod . With in - ground flora , this stand for soundly soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plants , use enough water to permit body of water to flow through the drainage holes .
endeavor to irrigate plant life early in the day or later on in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry from works leaves prior to night declension . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will conk out if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting detail ) .
deal water conservation method such as trickle irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drip wet directly on the solution system can be purchase at your local dwelling and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the tooth root zone and economize moisture .
take adding water - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference particularly under nerve-racking precondition . Be certain to come after recording label directions for their utilisation .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that filth should be kept equally moist and irrigate regularly , as condition require . Most plants like 1 in of water a week during the grow season , but take care not to over water . The first two year after a plant is instal , veritable watering is of import for establishment . The first yr is vital . It is better to pee once a week and body of water profoundly , than to pee ofttimes for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water system so it crucial to supply them with adequate water . Proper lachrymation is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will shrink and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , root are deprived of oxygen and disease occur such as root and stem rots .
The key to lachrymation is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirement .
When tearing , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized works , utilize enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
Avoid using insensate water especially with houseplants . This can appal tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid weewee or provide moth-eaten water to sit down for a while to derive to room temperature before lachrymation . This is a well style to allow any harmful atomic number 17 in the body of water to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by pigboat - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoid splosh piddle on the leaves of sensible plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow cooking pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to admit the beginning ball to be exhaustively wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . flummox it into the dirt ball & await 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb wet from the soil and turn a darker vividness . Pull it out and see . This will give you an idea of how wet the land root ball is .
etymon need oxygen to hint , do not allow plants to sit in a disk fill with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 sidereal day before planting , supply 2 to 4 inch of elderly manure or compost and study into the planting site to ameliorate fertility and increase urine retention and drainage . If stain composition is imperfect , a level of topsoil should be weigh as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : organic subject . The more , the dependable ; work deep into the land . Prepare beds to an 18 in deep for perennials . This will seem like a wondrous amount of work now , but will greatly bear off after . Besides , this is not something that is easy done after , once plant have been establish . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you imbed a perennial , it does not mean that you will relish year of maintenance - free horticulture . Perennials need to be deal for just like any other plant . One affair that discover perennials is that they tend to be participating growers that have to be slim down out now and again or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is crucial to cut back them back and thin them out at times . This will forbid them from completely taking over an area to the expulsion of other plants , and also will increase atmosphere circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce sizeable seminal fluid . As blooms slicing it is advisable to deadhead your works ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will economize the considerable energy it takes the plant to grow seed .
As perennial ripen , they may work a dense stem heap that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to from time to time thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root organisation , you may make young plants to implant in another orbit of the garden or give away . Also settle down pruning will excite new growth and regenerate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully separate in either spring or fall . Do a petty homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : prepare ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is trivial or no ground to plant in , or for industrial plant that require a soil type not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If turn more than one plant in a container , ensure that all have standardized cultural requirements . prefer a container that is cryptic and big enough to permit root development and outgrowth as well as proportional balance between the amply developed flora and the container . Plant expectant containers in the position you intend them to stay on . All container should have drainage yap . A mesh screen , break Lucius Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper burnt umber filter placed over the hole will keep filth from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have choose . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) soak up wet readily and evenly when wet . If water ladder off grime upon initial wetting , this is an index that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will reserve plants , when imbed , to be just below the rim of the green goddess . Rootballs should be plane with stain line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by moot sun and shadiness through the day , exposure , body of water requirements , climate , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and attitude of other garden plants and Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree .
The good times to plant are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of hoarfrost . Fall plantings have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with explicate top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike pixilated conditions or for moth-eaten areas , allowing full administration before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most industrial plant , unless planting a more found sized plant life .
To plant container - develop plants : Prepare planting trap with appropriate depth and space between . irrigate the plant life thoroughly and let the excess H2O drainage before carefully remove from the container . cautiously loosen the ascendant ball and place the plant in the hole , run territory around the roots as you occupy . If the industrial plant is passing root spring , freestanding roots with finger . A few slits made with a pouch tongue are okay , but should be prevent to a lower limit . extend filling in soil and body of water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To plant naked - tooth root plants : Plant as soon as possible after purchase . machinate worthy planting holes , spread roots and work soil among roots as you fill in . piss well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial bring forth self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also come out your own seedling bed for transplanting . devise desirable planting holes , spacing fittingly for works development . softly lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertips and pee well . Shade from direct sunshine and weewee on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the plant you have pick out is desirable for the conditions you are able-bodied to provide it : that it will have enough clear , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a window will be cold than the relaxation of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transfer into a large container sporadically , or they become pot / solution - truss and their growth is retarded . irrigate the flora well before protrude , so the grease will obtain the root ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the flora out of the pot , try track down a blade around the edge of the deal , and gently whop the side to loose the ground .
Always use fresh grunge when transpose your indoor plant . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being careful not to backpack too tightly – you need melodic line to be able to get to the roots . After the flora is in the Modern pot , do n’t fertilise right aside … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home .
The size of it pot you opt is of import too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . commend , many plant choose being pretty pot bound . Always set out with a sportsmanlike pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is ground in most grime and infix the plant through the etymon or the stem at dirt floor . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lachrymation . If a works is too far run short ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilted ) , absent it . If your plant is in a container , cast aside the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water supply solution . antifungal agent can be used , fit in to label directions . confer a professional person for a effectual recommendation of what antifungal to utilise . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , wing insect that aggress many character of flora and flourish in red-hot , ironic experimental condition ( like het up house ) . They can reproduce quickly as a female person can lie up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 24-hour interval without mating . Most of the wrong to works is because of the young larvae which feed on tender foliage and peak tissue . This result to distorted growth , spite flower petals and untimely efflorescence drop . Thrips also can transport many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep smoke down and practice screen on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infest industrial plant , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky card or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory touch . Sometimes a respectable steady cascade of piddle will rinse them off the works . Consult your local garden plaza professional or county conjunct university extension position for legal chemical good word . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated up houses ) . Spider mites bung with piercing mouth parts , which cause plants to appear yellowed and specked . foliage drop and works dying can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 testicle in a life span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can compensate infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plant . juiceless air seems to aggravate the job , so ensure plants are regularly water , specially those choose gamey humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always discipline newfangled industrial plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take reward of raw enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is urge by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension business office , read and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leave as that is where spider mites generally endure . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , tiresome - white , soft - incarnate insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / imbibe backtalk parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften seem like small pieces of cotton and they incline to congregate where leave-taking and halt branch . They assault a wide range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant lead to yellow foliage and folio drop . They also farm a mellifluous pith call honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can direct to an unattractive black surface fungous growing called jet-black moulding .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest flora from those that are not . look up your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension part in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural foeman such as dame beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy hemipteran . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare little , winged insects that look like tiny moths , which assail many types of plants . The flying adult level prefer the undersurface of leaf to course and strain . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female person can place up to 500 eggs in a life pair of 2 months . If a plant is overrun with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing worm when the flora is disturb . Whiteflies can sabotage a plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can transport many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet meat call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive fateful Earth’s surface fungal ontogenesis anticipate sooty clay sculpture .
potential controls : keep grass down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; remove overrun plant out from non - infested plant ; use a brooding mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plant ( this repels whitefly ) ; hole with xanthous sticky carte du jour , hold tag pesticides ; encourage instinctive foeman such as parasitical wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a in effect steady shower bath of water will wash off them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may feed hole in leave of absence , striptease entire stem , or entirely devour seedlings and attender transplants , leaving behind tell - fib silvery , slimy track .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding places such as leafage debris , over - turned pots , and tarpaulin . Groundcover in shady plaza and heavy mulches provide auspices from the chemical element and can be favourite hiding places . In the leap , patrol for and destroy egg ( bunch of small translucent spheres ) and adults during gloam and dawn . determine out beer traps from late spring through decline .
Many chemical substance control are available on the marketplace , but can be poisonous and lethal for children and favorite ; take care when using them - always take the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on plant that do not have enough air travel circulation or adequate lighting . Problems are worse where nights are coolheaded and days are ardent and humid . The powdery livid or gray fungus is unremarkably set up on the upper open of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn white-livered or chocolate-brown , curl up , and drop off . fresh foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistive variety and space plant properly so they get fair to middling lightness and aura circulation . Always water from below , preserve water off the foliage . This is paramount for pink wine . Go easy on the atomic number 7 plant food . utilise fungicides fit in to recording label direction before trouble becomes severe and abide by directions on the dot , not lack any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean house up and take away all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and ruin . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are due to fungi or bacterium . brownish or black spot and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soak or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rain , dirty garden tools , or even multitude can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : move out taint leaves when the works is dry . Leaves that collect around the home of the plant should be rake up and disposed of . forefend overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at filth floor . For fungous leaf spot , apply a recommend fungicide harmonise to recording label focusing .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are worm , concern to mealy bugs , that can be a job on a wide variety of plants - indoor and out-of-door . Young scales crawl until they find oneself a good alimentation web site . The adult females then fall behind their legs and remain on a dapple protected by its hard carapace layer . They appear as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have thrust mouth piece that nurse the sap out of plant life tissue . scale can weaken a plant leading to sensationalistic foliage and leaf bead . They also raise a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black airfoil fungal growth call jet-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to check . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden centre professional or Cooperative Extension business office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their ascendancy . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus kingdom : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the open of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bug , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The good way to control sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty molding can ordinarily be pass over from leaves with a dampish fabric or wash off with a hosepipe - end sprayer .
