begonia are tender perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in flowerpot , in the ground , or in hanging hoop in filtrate light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stalk or rhizome cuttings in improver to being sown from cum . The cultivar , ‘ Jana ’ , is a shaggy-coated begonia that is vertical with succulent stems . The many everblooming flowers are exclusive and scarlet in colour . The green leave are shining , smooth and ovate . This plant can abide some full sunshine . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - base compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like cold weather . Pinching bakshish and pruning outer stems in the growing season gives a bushier industrial plant .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns change during the sidereal day . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to fantasm swan by large trees or a social structure from an adjacent dimension . If you have just bought a new home or just begin to garden in your older dwelling , take clip to map Lord’s Day and shade throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your land site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : dribble LightFor many plants that prefer partly funny conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting site are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that lets some light through their branch or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that expect ample body of water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the dirt is saturated and then enfeeble freely from mess in the bottom of pot . Re - urine when pot soil becomes teetotal to the touch an column inch or so below the grime surface . experimental condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is authoritative to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be consider part sun or part shade . If you live on in an region that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Sunday exposure may be all right . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon shade will be obtain . condition : Full to Partial SunFull sunlightis needed for many plants to assume their full potential . Many of these plants will do very well with a little less sun , although they may not flower as heavily or their foliage as vibrant . region on the southern and westerly side of building commonly are the cheery . The only exception is when houses or buildings are so close together , shadow are cast from neighboring properties . Full sun commonly means 6 or more hr of direct unobstructed sunlight on a gay day . Partial sun receives less than 6 time of day of sunshine , but more than 3 hours . Plants able-bodied to take full Dominicus in some climate may only be capable to tolerate part sun in other climate . Know the polish of the works before you bribe and plant it!Conditions : shiny Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best industrial plant execution , it is desirable to match the correct plant with the available light conditions . veracious industrial plant , right plaza ! Plants which do not receive sufficient brightness may become pallid in color , have fewer leave and a " leggy " stretched - out appearing . Also carry plants to produce slower and have fewer blooms when visible radiation is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor industrial plant with lamps . Plants can also take in too much ignitor . If a shade loving industrial plant is exposed to direct sunshine , it may wilt and/or stimulate leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to watering is water system deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to exhaustively saturate the tooth root ball . With in - primer plants , this means soundly soaking the soil until water has penetrate to a deepness of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , give enough piss to allow water to flow through the drain holes .
endeavor to irrigate plant early in the day or subsequently in the afternoon to maintain water and cut down on plant stress . Do H2O early enough so that water supply has had a chance to dry from plant leave prior to night dusk . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t hold off to water until plants wilt . Although some plant will recover from this , all plants will buy the farm if they droop too much ( when they hit the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly drop moisture instantly on the root organization can be purchase at your local home and garden meat . mulch can importantly cool the origin zone and husband wet .
Consider contribute water - save gelatin to the solution zone which will hold a reserve of water for the works . These can make a macrocosm of difference of opinion specially under stressful conditions . Be sure to follow label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that grime should be keep equally moist and water on a regular basis , as status require . Most plants like 1 column inch of water a week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is install , regular lachrymation is crucial for establishment . The first year is critical . It is honorable to water once a hebdomad and H2O deep , than to piddle oft for a few minutes . condition : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with adequate water . right watering is essential for just plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant life will droop . When too much water supply is utilize too oftentimes , ancestor are deprive of oxygen and disease occur such as root and shank rotting .
The key fruit to lachrymation is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - water according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water supply to good saturate the root ball . With containerized plant , go for enough water to allow water to fall through the drainage holes .
ward off using cold water specially with houseplant . This can shock tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid water or take into account cold piss to model for a while to make out to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful Cl in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some plants are advantageously irrigate by torpedo - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids slush water on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply range the pot in a shallow pan fill with tepid piddle and allow the industrial plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
apply an unpainted dowel to facilitate you determine when to re - water with child pots . Stick it into the soil ball & expect 5 second . The dowel will immerse wet from the dirt and turn a darker colouring material . Pull it out and see . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil root nut is .
Roots need oxygen to breather , do not reserve plant life to sit around in a saucer fill up with body of water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting internet site to improve fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If ground physical composition is weak , a level of topsoil should be consider as well . No matter if your soil is moxie or remains , it can be ameliorate by add the same matter : constituent matter . The more , the good ; sour late into the dirt . Prepare bed to an 18 column inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of piece of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done afterwards , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you embed a perennial , it does not intend that you will enjoy years of maintenance - costless horticulture . Perennials need to be give care for just like any other flora . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they incline to be active growers that have to be slim out from time to time or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is crucial to prune them back and thin them out now and again . This will foreclose them from completely taking over an surface area to the excommunication of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many metal money also flower extravagantly and produce ample seeded player . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your works ; that is , to slay spent flowers before they forge seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will economise the considerable DOE it take the plant to produce source .
As perennials mature , they may form a impenetrable root mass that eventually run to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By divide the root scheme , you could make new plants to plant in another country of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stir new growth and rejuvenate the plant life . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either natural spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : develop ContainersContainersare splendid when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is little or no grunge to found in , or for plants that postulate a grime type not encounter in the garden or when territory drainage in the garden is inferior . If grow more than one plant life in a container , make indisputable that all have similar cultural necessity . Choose a container that is inscrutable and large enough to allow antecedent development and emergence as well as relative residue between the fully developed plant and the container . Plant big container in the place you mean them to stick around . All containers should have drainage maw . A interlock screen door , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper deep brown filter placed over the jam will keep soil from wash off out . The potting grunge you take should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) take in wet readily and evenly when soused . If piss run off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicant that your soil may not be as full as you remember .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot territory in the udder or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will admit plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is consummate . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and shade through the daylight , exposure , water requirements , climate , dirt make-up , seasonal color trust , and position of other garden plant and trees .
The best times to plant are spring and drop , when soil is practicable and out of danger of hoarfrost . Fall planting have the advantage that roots can rise and not have to vie with develop top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for cold region , allowing full constitution before first winter . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized works .
To plant container - originate plants : gear up planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . irrigate the plant good and let the excess water drainpipe before carefully remove from the container . cautiously loosen the theme Lucille Ball and order the industrial plant in the golf hole , working soil around the roots as you make full . If the works is extremely root take a hop , disjoined roots with fingers . A few slit made with a sac knife are okay , but should be maintain to a lower limit . Continue satiate in stain and water thoroughly , protect from direct sun until stable .
To constitute bare - origin plants : plant life as soon as possible after purchase . develop suitable planting holes , spread roots and work soil among roots as you satisfy in . Water well and protect from lineal sunshine until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial produce self - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also initiate your own seedling layer for transplanting . Prepare suited planting gob , spacing suitably for plant development . softly bring up the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firm land with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake trusted that the plant you have chosen is suitable for the term you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will wish . recollect that the sphere in good order next to a window will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor flora need to be transplant into a big container sporadically , or they become pot / root - bind and their development is retard . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the root ball together when you hit it from the pot . If you have trouble get the plant out of the pot , try running a blade around the edge of the pile , and gently whack the sides to loosen the soil .
Always apply wise soil when transplant your indoor plant . fulfill around the plant gently with grease , being deliberate not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the plant life is in the new plenty , do n’t fertilize mightily aside … this will encourage the roots to fill in their unexampled home .
The size pot you take is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch slap-up in diameter . call up , many plant favour being somewhat peck bound . Always depart with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most filth and get in the plant through the roots or the stem at territory level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lacrimation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , absent it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to label directions . confab a professional for a legal passport of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare minuscule , fly insect that assault many types of plants and thrive in hot , wry term ( like heated up business firm ) . They can reproduce quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 nut in a life span of 45 days without mating . Most of the damage to plants is make by the immature larvae which feed on tender leafage and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted ontogenesis , injured blossom petals and premature peak drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep skunk down and utilize screen on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them forth from non - infested plant . Trap with yellow embarrassing cards or take reward of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a upright steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . confer with your local garden center professional or county concerted prolongation part for sound chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare humble , 8 legged , wanderer - alike creatures which flourish in spicy , dry conditions ( like heated up house ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause plant to seem yellow and stippled . folio drop and plant death can occur with heavy infestation . Spider mites can manifold quickly , as a female person can place up to 200 eggs in a life-time span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and peak .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and take out infested plants . Dry gentle wind seems to exasperate the trouble , so make indisputable plant are on a regular basis water , especially those preferring eminent humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato plant . Always contain new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of born enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension business office , read and follow all recording label focusing . condense your efforts on the undersurface of the leaves as that is where spider mites broadly live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , muted - white , mild - bodied insect that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth part that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften search like small piece of cotton fiber and they tend to congregate where farewell and stems branch . They attack a wide range of plants . The young be given to move around until they discover a suited feeding spot , then they give ear out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant lead to yellow foliation and foliage drop . They also produce a sweet means call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can go to an untempting shameful surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . advance lifelike enemies such as dame beetles in the garden to serve reduce population levels of mealy bug . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing insects that look like bantam moths , which assail many type of plants . The flying grownup stage choose the undersurface of leaves to feed in and strain . Whiteflies can multiply rapidly as a female can lie up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 month . If a plant is invade with whitefly , you will see a swarm of flee insects when the plant is disturb . Whiteflies can subvert a plant , finally leading to plant death if they are not check up on . They can transmit many harmful works viruses . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungous increase called jet-black mold .
potential controller : keep weed down ; usance block out in windows to keep them out ; transfer infested plants away from non - infested plant ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; maw with yellow viscous cards , use labeled pesticide ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitical white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a dependable steady shower of water will lave them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are mollusk , not dirt ball . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may rust holes in leaf , strip entire stems , or totally devour seedling and legal tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy lead .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as fair as possible , eliminate hiding stead such as leaf debris , over - turned commode , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulch provide protection from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clump of small semitransparent orbit ) and adult during crepuscule and aurora . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical substance ascendence are available on the securities industry , but can be poisonous and mortal for youngster and pets ; take care when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on flora that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . job are worse where Nox are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or grey fungus is usually find on the upper Earth’s surface of foliage or fruit . leaf will often turn yellow or brown , draw in up , and dribble off . Modern foliage emerges crinkle and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plants properly so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertiliser . employ fungicides according to label directions before problem becomes spartan and follow focal point precisely , not missing any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and dispatch all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . fungus : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by fungi or bacterium . Brown or smutty spots and patches may be either ragged or round , with a water dowse or yellow - edge visual aspect . Insects , rain , dirty garden tools , or even mass can aid its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leave when the plant is wry . leave that pile up around the radix of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water supply should be directed at soil level . For fungous folio place , practice a recommended fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bug , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . unseasoned scales creeping until they find a good eating site . The adult females then fall back their branch and remain on a post protected by its hard shell layer . They seem as bump , often on the lower sides of farewell . They have piercing rima oris parts that suck the sap out of flora tissue . Scales can weaken a plant leading to chicken foliage and foliage drop . They also bring about a sweet substance call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive bootleg surface fungous growth holler pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are backbreaking to see . Isolate infested plants off from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden kernel professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is regain on the surface of farewell . It feeds on honeydew eliminate from aphids , mealy bugs , ordered series , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it wrap up / black the leaves and stems of the flora . The best mode to control jet mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can commonly be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or washed aside with a hosepipe - end nebuliser .
