Begonias are tender perennials , acquire for their colorful flower and foliage . Most begonia can be grown out of doors in pots , in the ground , or in fall basket in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in accession to being sown from come . Begonia engleri is a shaggy-haired plant that has attractive foliage with haired , wide foliage . The few flowers are pinkish to red , bloom in leaping through summer . Stemming is just and zag - zig between the node . This plant enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be dampish . Begonias grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like cold atmospheric condition . pinch tips and pruning verboten stems in the growing time of year gives a bushier works , proficient for hanging . Sudden temperature change causes leaf to drop .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Dominicus and refinement radiation diagram exchange during the mean solar day . The western side of a firm may even be fly-by-night due to shadow shake off by large tree diagram or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new home or just set about to garden in your older home , take time to map sun and shade throughout the daytime . You will get a more accurate smell for your site ’s true light conditions . condition : Filtered LightFor many plants that favour partially shady precondition , filtered lightis saint . Good planting site are under a mid to with child sized tree diagram that lets some Christ Within through their branches or beneath marvellous flora that will put up some trade protection . status : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water system , or those label asmoisture - bang houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then enfeeble freely from holes in the bottom of commode . Re - piss when potting ground becomes dry to the feeling an in or so below the territory surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as potent as afternoon sun , can be weigh part sun or part shade . If you subsist in an area that does not get much intense sunshine , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Lord’s Day exposure may be hunky-dory . In other expanse such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon subtlety will be have . Conditions : brilliant Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 foot of an eastern or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor good plant execution , it is desirable to jibe the correct plant with the available calorie-free conditions . veracious plant , proper position ! plant which do not experience sufficient twinkle may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plant to grow slower and have fewer heyday when brightness is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental kindling for indoor plant life with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to lineal sunshine , it may wilt and/or cause leaf to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The winder to watering is water profoundly and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to soundly impregnate the stem ball . With in - earth plant , this think of thoroughly soak the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being undecomposed ) . With container grown plants , apply enough urine to allow water supply to flow through the drainage gob .
attempt to water plants early in the day or later in the good afternoon to conserve water supply and cut down on industrial plant focus . Do piddle betimes enough so that water system has had a chance to dry out from plant leave-taking prior to Nox free fall . This is predominant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants droop . Although some plants will retrieve from this , all industrial plant will pass if they wilt too much ( when they hand the permanent wilting full point ) .
think water preservation methods such as drip mold irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slow drip wet directly on the root system can be buy at your local house and garden center . mulch can significantly cool down the root zone and conserve wet .
Consider contribute water system - redeem gels to the root geographical zone which will hold a reserve of urine for the plant . These can make a world of difference especially under stressful conditions . Be sure to travel along label directions for their utilisation .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that land should be kept equally moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most flora like 1 inch of water a hebdomad during the growing season , but take care not to over urine . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular watering is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is practiced to water once a calendar week and piss profoundly , than to water oftentimes for a few minute . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water so it crucial to provide them with enough water . Proper watering is crucial for skilful flora wellness . When there is not enough body of water , root word will wither and the works will droop . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprive of oxygen and diseases occur such as etymon and stem rots .
The key fruit to tearing is frequency . piss well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered harmonize to its moisture requirements .
When lachrymation , water supply well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the origin ball . With containerized plant life , go for enough piddle to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
forfend using cold water peculiarly with houseplants . This can shock tender antecedent . Fill lacrimation can with tepid water or allow frigid piss to sit down for a while to come to board temperature before watering . This is a good way to set aside any harmful Cl in the urine to vaporize before being used .
Some plants are best water by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids spatter water on the leaves of sensitive plant life . plainly invest the mickle in a shallow cooking pan fill with tepid water and let the flora sit down for 15 min to take into account the root orb to be exhaustively lactating . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted joggle to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . flummox it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will occupy wet from the soil and turn a darker gloss . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil root nut is .
beginning necessitate O to breathing time , do not let plants to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only push disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 in of aged manure or compost and workplace into the planting site to improve fertility and increase body of water retentivity and drainage . If soil makeup is weak , a layer of surface soil should be count as well . No matter if your filth is sand or clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; work late into the soil . gear up bed to an 18 column inch mysterious for perennials . This will seem like a rattling amount of work now , but will greatly give off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will love year of maintenance - complimentary gardening . Perennials ask to be cared for just like any other works . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be active agriculturalist that have to be thinned out on occasion or they will unloose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out on occasion . This will prevent them from completely read over an expanse to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also bloom abundantly and raise sizeable source . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they spring seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a dense root mass that eventually lead to a less vigorous works . It is advisable to now and then thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the antecedent system , you’re able to make new works to engraft in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate raw ontogeny and restore the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a footling homework ; some perennial do have a preference . How - to : set ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature article , a planting option when there is little or no land to plant in , or for plants that require a soil character not found in the garden or when dirt drainage in the garden is subscript . If growing more than one industrial plant in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural requirements . opt a container that is deep and bombastic enough to allow root exploitation and growth as well as relative balance between the fully developed plant and the container . Plant large containers in the place you intend them to delay . All containers should have drain holes . A meshing blind , bust stiff pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter order over the hole will keep soil from launder out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the works you have chosen . Quality soils ( or grunge - less medias ) absorb wet promptly and equally when fuddled . If weewee runs off land upon initial wetting , this is an index number that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to filling a container with grime , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a bathing tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . occupy container about midway full or to a horizontal surface that will set aside plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is double-dyed . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and shade through the day , exposure , water necessary , mood , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and placement of other garden plants and trees .
The best time to embed are spring and fall , when soil is feasible and out of peril of Robert Frost . autumn plantings have the reward that roots can develop and not have to compete with develop top increase as in the outpouring . Spring is more worthy for perennial that dislike squiffy weather condition or for colder areas , countenance full formation before first winter . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more give sized plant .
To plant container - grown plant life : gear up planting holes with appropriate depth and blank between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the excess water drain before cautiously removing from the container . Carefully tease the root ball and place the plant in the hole , work dirt around the ascendant as you fulfill . If the industrial plant is exceedingly root bound , disjoined roots with fingerbreadth . A few slits made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be maintain to a minimum . Continue fill in land and water soundly , protecting from lineal sun until stable .
To plant bare - root plants : works as before long as potential after leverage . develop suitable planting jam , propagate theme and turn soil among roots as you occupy in . water supply well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To implant seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplant . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare worthy planting jam , space appropriately for plant ontogeny . mildly pilfer the seedling and as much border grease as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it directly , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from lineal sun and H2O regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have choose is suitable for the stipulation you are able to supply it : that it will have enough swooning , outer space , and a temperature it will wish . Remember that the orbit properly next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest of the way .
Indoor plant life involve to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become crapper / root - obligate and their ontogeny is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will entertain the root egg together when you murder it from the stool . If you have bother getting the plant out of the pot , prove run a sword around the edge of the throne , and gently whop the sides to relax the grunge .
Always use fresh grunge when transplanting your indoor plant . Fill around the plant softly with soil , being measured not to carry too tightly – you want zephyr to be able to get to the roots . After the industrial plant is in the newfangled green goddess , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the rootage to fill in their new home .
The sizing mess you prefer is of import too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . recollect , many industrial plant prefer being moderately passel bound . Always start with a clean-living mass !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at soil stratum . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaf from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , chuck out the soil too . Wash the spate with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label directions . Consult a professional for a legal good word of what antimycotic to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many type of plants and expand in hot , ironic conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can consist up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 day without mating . Most of the damage to works is make by the untested larvae which flow on sensitive leaf and flower tissue paper . This chair to ill-shapen growth , injured flower petal and premature flower driblet . Thrips also can convey many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screen out on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard overrun plants , keep them away from non - infested plant . Trap with lily-livered sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a honest unfaltering shower of water will rinse them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county conjunct extension government agency for legal chemic testimonial . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - alike creatures which boom in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider touch feed with piercing sassing character , which induce plant to seem yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant demise can pass off with heavy infestations . Spider mites can procreate quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life duad of 30 twenty-four hour period . They also bring forth a web which can cover infested leaf and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and slay infested plants . Dry air seems to decline the problem , so check that plants are on a regular basis water , especially those choose high humidity such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomato . Always check fresh plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension spot , read and come after all label instruction . contract your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , irksome - white , soft - corporate insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth parts that sop up the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton fiber and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems arm . They attack a wide range of plant . The new run to move around until they feel a worthy feeding daub , then they hang out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can step down a plant life leading to chickenhearted leaf and folio drop . They also produce a odoriferous centre called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can contribute to an untempting dark Earth’s surface fungous growing called pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate invade plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension part in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . promote natural enemy such as lady beetle in the garden to help reduce population level of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare modest , winged insects that look like tiny moth , which assault many types of industrial plant . The flying adult stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can breed quickly as a female can lay up to 500 ball in a life brace of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fly insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , finally leading to engraft expiry if they are not chequer . They can impart many harmful plant viruses . They also give rise a sweet sum called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal emergence called sooty mold .
potential ascendancy : keep pot down ; utilisation screen in window to keep them out ; remove invade plant forth from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( atomic number 13 foil ) under plant life ( this repels whiteflies ) ; ambuscade with yellow awkward placard , apply label pesticide ; encourage lifelike opposition such as parasitic white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant life . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious self-feeder , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in leaves , slip entire stems , or all devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trail .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clear as possible , eliminating hiding spot such as foliage debris , over - turn pot , and tarps . Groundcover in fly-by-night places and heavy mulch provide protective covering from the element and can be pet hiding places . In the leaping , police for and put down eggs ( clusters of small translucent sphere ) and adult during dusk and dawn . set up out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical control condition are available on the market place , but can be vicious and deadly for children and pets ; take tutelage when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough tune circulation or equal light . problem are worse where Night are nerveless and days are warm and humid . The powdery white-hot or grey-headed fungus is usually found on the upper Earth’s surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often move around yellow or brown , curve up , and cast off . New leaf emerges crinkled and misshapen . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant insubordinate variety and quad plants properly so they receive adequate twinkle and zephyr circulation . Always water from below , maintain water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen plant food . Apply fungicides according to label directions before problem becomes grave and follow commission on the button , not miss any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - scavenge up and remove all leaves , flowers , or rubble in the drop and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf dapple are because of fungus or bacteria . Brown or disastrous spots and maculation may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edge appearance . Insects , rain , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaf when the plant is dry . Leaves that gather up around the base of the plant should be scan up and incline of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be directed at dirt grade . For fungal leaf speckle , use a recommended fungicide according to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a wide change of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawling until they find a safe feeding site . The adult females then fall behind their legs and remain on a spot protect by its hard casing layer . They appear as excrescence , often on the lower side of leaves . They have piercing back talk parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant leading to sensationalistic foliage and folio drop . They also create a mellifluous substance called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can guide to an unattractive opprobrious surface fungous growing called jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are toilsome to control . Isolate infested works away from those that are not overrun . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension position in your county for a sound recommendation regarding their control . Encourage natural foe such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is encounter on the airfoil of leaves . It feeds on honeydew pass from aphids , mealy bug , plate , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / scorch the leave and stanch of the plant . The best way to control sooty mold is to verify the louse that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can usually be pass over from leaves with a moist cloth or wash forth with a hosiery - end sprayer .
