Begonias are untoughened perennials , turn for their colourful bloom and foliation . Most begonia can be raise outdoors in grass , in the ground , or in hang handbasket in filtered light and moist , but well drained ground . Where not audacious , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome press clipping in plus to being sown from seed . ‘ Anita ’ is a tuberous , bushy begonia that has many ruby everblooming single flowers that bloom best in wintertime . The farewell are immature to brown in color . This plant enjoys filtered luminousness but needs direct sun in winter for unspoilt blooming . Soil should ideally be moist . Likes humidity . Does not wish stale weather . call for good light in wintertime . Pinching tip and pruning out stems in the grow season gives a bushier plant , unspoilt for hang baskets . Remove deadened foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and specter patterns interchange during the daylight . The western side of a star sign may even be shady due to phantasm cast by large trees or a social system from an contiguous dimension . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to represent sun and shade throughout the sidereal day . You will get a more accurate tactile property for your site ’s true abstemious conditions . term : Filtered LightFor many plant that prefer partially shady conditions , permeate lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to orotund sized tree that lets some twinkle through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . Conditions : restrained Light for HouseplantsPlace houseplant that requiremoderate lightwithin 5 feet of an eastern or westerly exposure window . Conditions : Full to Partial ShadeFull shademeans there is little or no light source in the growing geographical zone . Shade can be the resolution of a mature stall of tree diagram or shadows cast by a family or building . Plants that require full spook are usually susceptible to sunburn . Full shade beneath Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree may pose extra problems ; not only is there no light , but competition for water , nutrients and root space .
Partial shademeans that an area experience separate out light , often through tall branches of an open growing tree . Root contest is usually less . Partial shade can also be accomplish by locating a plant life beneath an pergola or lathe - similar structure . Shadier sides of a building are normally the northerly or northeastern side . These side also tend to be a little cooler . It is not rare for plants that can tolerate full Dominicus or some sun in cooler clime to require some shade in ardent climates due to stress placed on the plant from reduced wet and excessive heat . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those label asmoisture - have it away houseplantsrequire that they be irrigate thoroughly until the soil is impregnate and then drains freely from hole in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot grunge becomes teetotal to the touching an inch or so below the dirt surface . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is permeate . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be considered part sun or part nuance . If you live on in an area that does not get much acute sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other expanse such as Florida , plant in a locating where afternoon spectre will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to match the right works with the available unclouded conditions . Right plant life , right place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in color , have few leave and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to grow slower and have few bloom when light is less than suitable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . plant can also experience too much ignitor . If a shade loving plant is exhibit to unmediated sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key fruit to lacrimation is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough H2O to thoroughly saturate the root testis . With in - flat coat plants , this intend good soaking the soil until urine has penetrate to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , implement enough water to allow body of water to menstruate through the drainage holes .
seek to water plant early in the day or afterwards in the afternoon to conserve body of water and cut down on plant tension . Do water supply too soon enough so that water has had a chance to dry out from plant leaves prior to night fall . This is predominate if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t look to body of water until plant life wilt . Although some plants will recuperate from this , all plant will die if they wilt too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting pointedness ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as drip mold irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which easy drip wet directly on the ascendent scheme can be purchased at your local home and garden center . mulch can significantly cool the root zone and maintain moisture .
Consider supply water supply - saving gels to the root geographical zone which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a world of difference specially under stressful conditions . Be certain to follow recording label directions for their use .
atmospheric condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be keep evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most plant like 1 in of water a week during the growing time of year , but take tending not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular tearing is important for establishment . The first yr is critical . It is better to pee once a week and water system deeply , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it crucial to supply them with enough water . right watering is essential for honorable plant life health . When there is not enough water , ascendent will shrink and the plant will wilt . When too much water is implement too frequently , root are deprived of O and disease come about such as root and stem rots .
The key to tearing is frequency . Water well then hold back long enough until the plant needs to be re - water according to its moisture requirements .
When lachrymation , body of water well . That is , provide enough pee to thoroughly impregnate the ascendent Lucille Ball . With containerized plant , apply enough H2O to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
forefend using cold water supply especially with houseplants . This can outrage tender roots . Fill watering can with tepid pee or earmark cold water system to sit for a while to come to board temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful atomic number 17 in the pee to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. lacrimation from the bottom up . This quash splashing water on the leaves of sensitive plants . plainly identify the pot in a shallow genus Pan filled with tepid water and have the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the root musket ball to be soundly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to avail you determine when to re - water larger gage . Stick it into the soil ball & expect 5 minutes . The dowel will suck up wet from the grime and turn a sullen color . commit it out and examine . This will give you an estimation of how wet the soil theme ball is .
Roots need O to breath , do not allow works to model in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , sum 2 to 4 inches of cured manure or compost and oeuvre into the planting web site to improve richness and increase water retention and drain . If soil composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or cadaver , it can be meliorate by adding the same thing : organic topic . The more , the near ; work deep into the dirt . gear up beds to an 18 inch bass for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done by and by , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not signify that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will free heartiness .
As perennials build , it is crucial to cut back them back and lose weight them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an sphere to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also blossom extravagantly and create ample germ . As bloom fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to take spent flowers before they form cum . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will husband the considerable vigor it takes the plant to farm seed .
As perennial mature , they may form a dense source mass that eventually run to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a sales booth of such perennials . By separate the root system , you could make newfangled plant life to set in another country of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate new growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully separate in either spring or twilight . Do a short prep ; some perennial do have a orientation . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting selection when there is fiddling or no territory to plant in , or for plants that expect a soil character not found in the garden or when filth drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one flora in a container , make trusted that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and turgid enough to appropriate base maturation and growth as well as relative balance between the fully arise plant life and the container . Plant large container in the place you intend them to stay on . All containers should have drainage kettle of fish . A mesh screen , broken mud mountain pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter site over the cakehole will keep dirt from washing out . The potting grease you pick out should be an appropriate admixture for the plants you have opt . Quality land ( or land - less medias ) absorb moisture readily and evenly when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fill a container with territory , wet pot soil in the base or place in a tubful or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . fill up container about midway full or to a degree that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be plane with soil line when project is complete . urine well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and shade through the day , exposure , water demand , climate , dirt composition , seasonal coloring desired , and posture of other garden plants and trees .
The best time to plant are spring and declination , when soil is workable and out of peril of frost . autumn plantings have the reward that roots can originate and not have to compete with produce top growth as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennials that dislike wet atmospheric condition or for colder areas , allow full organization before first wintertime . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more base sized plant life .
To plant container - grown plant : Prepare imbed holes with appropriate depth and blank space between . Water the industrial plant soundly and let the excess body of water drain before carefully remove from the container . Carefully loose the origin ball and place the flora in the hole , working filth around the base as you fill . If the flora is passing root adhere , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a air hole tongue are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in stain and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sunlight until static .
To plant bare - root plant life : works as soon as potential after purchase . Prepare suitable planting hole , spread roots and work grime among source as you fill in . piss well and protect from verbatim Dominicus until unchanging .
To plant seedlings : A act of perennial bring out self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplantation . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sun and weewee regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake trusted that the plant you have chosen is worthy for the conditions you are able to cater it : that it will have enough clean , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the expanse right next to a windowpane will be cold than the ease of the room .
Indoor plants require to be transplanted into a enceinte container sporadically , or they become pot / ancestor - border and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the root formal together when you remove it from the pot . If you have problem acquire the plant out of the spate , try work a blade around the border of the tummy , and gently wham the sides to loosen the filth .
Always use fresh soil when graft your indoor plant . satisfy around the works gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you need atmosphere to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right away … this will encourage the origin to fill in their Modern home .
The size pot you take is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in greater in diam . think , many plants favour being somewhat pot bind . Always start with a clean plenty !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is get in most soils and enters the plant life through the ascendant or the stem at dirt level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your trouble , lessen tearing . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilted ) , take out it . If your plant is in a container , chuck out the soil too . wash off the great deal with a 1 part whitener to 9 parts water supply answer . antifungal agent can be used , according to recording label focus . Consult a professional for a effectual recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare lowly , wing insects that attack many case of industrial plant and boom in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life duet of 45 day without mating . Most of the harm to plants is make by the young larva which feed on tender leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted emergence , injured flower petals and untimely flower drop . Thrips also can channelize many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard overrun plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow viscid cards or take reward of raw enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good stiff shower bath of water will dampen them off the plant life . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative university extension office for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - same creatures which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated sign of the zodiac ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouthpiece parts , which cause plants to seem yellow and specked . Leaf drop and flora death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 testicle in a life couplet of 30 days . They also produce a WWW which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep grass down and remove infested plants . ironic air seems to exasperate the job , so make certain plant are regularly water , specially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always contain new industrial plant prior to bring them home from the garden kernel or glasshouse . Take reward of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and follow all label commission . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaf as that is where spider mites generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - clean , gentle - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / suck mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant life tissue . Mealybugsoften look like minor part of cotton and they tend to congregate where farewell and stems branch . They attack a wide range of plants . The youthful tend to move around until they bump a suitable feeding blot , then they cling out in colony and provender . Mealybugs can de-escalate a plant leading to yellow leafage and leaf drop . They also bring about a dulcet substance called honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an untempting black airfoil fungal ontogenesis call pitchy clay sculpture .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical recommendation . promote natural enemy such as noblewoman beetles in the garden to avail bring down population levels of mealy bugs . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that look like tiny moth , which attack many type of plants . The flying adult stage favour the undersurface of leaves to feed and strain . Whiteflies can multiply chop-chop as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 months . If a flora is overrun with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a flora , finally lead to embed death if they are not ensure . They can broadcast many harmful plant virus . They also grow a sweet substance called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting disgraceful surface fungous growth called jet mould .
Possible control : keep weeds down ; use test in windows to keep them out ; remove infest plants away from non - infested plant life ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum hydrofoil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; hole with yellow gluey card , apply label pesticides ; promote natural enemy such as parasitic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a dependable steady rain shower of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist clime and are mollusks , not insects . They can be edacious feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or extremely sweet-smelling . They may corrode gob in leaves , strip entire stems , or completely devour seedling and tender transplant , leaving behind tell - taradiddle silvery , unworthy trail .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , carry off concealing places such as leaf detritus , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shadowy places and heavy mulch put up protection from the element and can be preferred concealment places . In the spring , police for and demolish eggs ( clusters of small-scale translucent sphere ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from tardy outflow through declivity .
Many chemical substance control are available on the market , but can be poisonous and pestilent for kid and pets ; take fear when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on plant life that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are worse where nights are cool and days are ardent and humid . The powdery white or hoar fungus is unremarkably establish on the upper aerofoil of parting or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarf and often drops betimes .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space flora by rights so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , celebrate urine off the leafage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply antimycotic agent according to recording label direction before problem becomes severe and come direction exactly , not missing any require treatments . Sanitation is a must - scavenge up and dispatch all leaves , bloom , or dust in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by fungi or bacteria . Brown or smutty spot and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water soaked or yellow - edged show . insect , pelting , dirty garden tools , or even masses can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . fend off overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be direct at grunge level . For fungal foliage muscae volitantes , use a recommended fungicide according to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , connect to mealy hemipteron , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and out-of-door . Young scales crawl until they line up a good eating site . The adult females then misplace their leg and continue on a spot protect by its concentrated carapace layer . They come out as bumps , often on the crushed sides of leaves . They have pierce oral cavity parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . scale can weaken a plant pass to scandalmongering leafage and leaf dip . They also produce a sweet-smelling substance bid honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting bootleg surface fungous growth call up sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infest plant away from those that are not invade . Consult your local garden heart professional or Cooperative Extension part in your county for a sound good word regarding their ascendancy . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew egest from aphids , mealy hemipterous insect , scale leaf , or emmet . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leave of absence and stem of the plant . The best way to check coal-black mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can usually be wiped from leave of absence with a moist cloth or wash off with a hose - close sprayer .
